Issue-1
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Abstract Compared to 2022, the global situation regarding Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, has significantly changed and is expected to continue evolving until 2026. It has become an international public health crisis as a disease that nobody paid attention to before but has now captured international concern, especially in those countries in Central and West Africa (PHEIC). Subsequent to the widespread transmission of Clade IIb in 2022, mainly among sexual networks outside of Africa, a new highly virulent Clade Ib strain of the virus appeared at the end of 2023 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). In this… Read more
Keywords: Mpox Clade Ib, Genomic Surveillance, Tecovirimat, PALM007, Integrative Medicine, Phytochemicals.
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Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has emerged as a major global public health challenge. The virus is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets and can spread via asymptomatic, pre-symptomatic, and symptomatic individuals. The incubation period averages approximately five days, with most symptomatic cases developing within 11.5 days of exposure. Common clinical manifestations include fever, dry cough, fatigue, and shortness of breath, while laboratory findings such as lymphopenia and elevated lactate dehydrogenase are frequently observed. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) remains the gold standard for diagnosis; however, false-negative results may occur due… Read more
Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Pathogenesis, Molecular Diagnosis, Antiviral Therapy, Vaccine Development
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The rapid growth of e-commerce has transformed the pharmaceutical sector by providing consumers with convenient access to medicines through online pharmacies. Despite these advancements, many consumers continue to prefer offline pharmacies because of greater trust, face-to-face interaction with pharmacists, and immediate professional consultation. At the same time, concerns related to online pharmacies, such as authenticity of medicines, data privacy, delivery delays, and limited personal guidance, remain important but are not yet fully understood. With the increasing demand for accessible healthcare services, both online and offline pharmacy channels play significant roles in meeting consumer needs. However, various factors influence consumers' purchasing… Read more
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Business Intelligence, knowledge, pharmacies Power BI, survey, customer
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Naturally and synthetically derived hybrid molecules are promising sources for new drug development due to their multiple modes of action and their ability to bypass systemic toxicities associated with traditional combination therapies. The rapid escalation of multifactorial diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and multidrug-resistant infections has exposed the limitations of traditional polypharmacy. To overcome these challenges, molecular hybridization has emerged as a cutting-edge paradigm in rational drug design, allowing the scientific community to report dozens of highly potent hybrids. This strategy involves the fusion of two or more distinct pharmacophores into a single multi-target directed ligand. Due to its… Read more
Keywords: Chalcone derivatives, Molecular hybridization, multi-target directed ligands, Claisen-Schmidt condensation, Drug design, Multifactorial diseases
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Electrochemical degradation has emerged as an effective and environmentally sustainable strategy for removing persistent toxic industrial chemicals from contaminated water. This mini-review summarizes recent advances in electrochemical advanced oxidation and reduction processes for degrading aromatic amines, nitroaromatics, phenols, chlorophenols, dyes, pesticides, volatile organic compounds, heterocyclic pollutants, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The review discusses the fundamental degradation mechanisms involving direct electron transfer and indirect oxidation through reactive oxygen species, including hydroxyl, sulfate, and chlorine radicals, alongside cathodic reduction pathways. Particular emphasis is placed on the influence of electrode materials, including boron-doped diamond, PbO₂, SnO₂–Sb, mixed metal oxides, and carbon-based… Read more
Keywords: Electrochemical degradation, Advanced oxidation processes, Toxic industrial chemicals, Electrode materials, Wastewater treatment, Reactive oxygen species